Unity 網路連線───使用Socket－Yang的部落格(轉貼文章請註記來源)

2019年10月19日─大幅度修改了程式碼，使用起來更直覺了

新的程式在此

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2016年6月24日 00:51，修改了程式碼，刪掉多餘的部分和BUG

C#的Socket連線要使用非同步的方式設計！不然在等待連線和資料的時候就會卡著不動了...

至於非同步的方式可以和這影片所用的方式一樣，或者和我一樣使用Thread的方式編寫。

有幾篇文章建議先看一下

或許有人在想為什麼要用Socket呢？Unity不是有內建連線功能了？

Unity 區域網路(LAN)連線───使用Network

但這只能用在Unity之間的連線，若是要不同語言甚至是不同IDE做出的程式連線(e.g.使用VS做的程式和Unity之間連線)，就要使用到Socket

先創兩個Project，分別命名為Server和Client

(當然，想在同個Project內也是可以，不過要分成兩個Scene，然後分別將這兩個Scene輸出)

在Server儲存一個場景和一些C# script，內容如下

Client也是一樣的步驟

都完成後就開始撰寫程式碼了~~

首先編寫ServerThread.cs

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

class ServerThread
{
//結構，儲存IP和Port
private struct Struct_Internet
{
public string ip;
public int port;
}

private Socket serverSocket;//伺服器本身的Socket
private Socket clientSocket;//連線使用的Socket
private Struct_Internet internet;//宣告結構物件
public string receiveMessage;
private string sendMessage;

private Thread threadConnect;//連線的Thread
private Thread threadReceive;//接收資料的Thread

public ServerThread(AddressFamily family, SocketType socketType, ProtocolType protocolType, string ip, int port)
{
serverSocket = new Socket(family, socketType, protocolType);//new server socket object
internet.ip = ip;//儲存IP
internet.port = port;//儲存Port
receiveMessage = null;//初始化接受的資料
}

//開始傾聽連線需求
public void Listen()
{
//伺服器本身的IP和Port
serverSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(internet.ip), internet.port));
serverSocket.Listen(1);//最多一次接受多少人連線
}

//開始連線
public void StartConnect()
{
//由於連線成功之前程式都會停下，所以必須使用Thread
threadConnect = new Thread(Accept);
threadConnect.IsBackground = true;//設定為背景執行續，當程式關閉時會自動結束
threadConnect.Start();
}

//停止連線
public void StopConnect()
{
try
{
clientSocket.Close();
}
catch (Exception)
{

}
}

//寄送訊息
public void Send(string message)
{
if (message == null)
throw new NullReferenceException("message不可為Null");
else
sendMessage = message;
SendMessage();//由於資料傳遞速度很快，沒必要使用Thread
}

public void Receive()
{
//先判斷原先的threadReceive若還在執行接收檔案的工作，則直接結束
if (threadReceive != null && threadReceive.IsAlive == true)
return;
//由於在接收到所有資料前都會停下，所以必須使用Thread
threadReceive = new Thread(ReceiveMessage);
threadReceive.IsBackground = true;//設定為背景執行續，當程式關閉時會自動結束
threadReceive.Start();
}

private void Accept()
{
try
{
clientSocket = serverSocket.Accept();//等到連線成功後才會往下執行
//連線成功後，若是不想再接受其他連線，可以關閉serverSocket
//serverSocket.Close();
}
catch (Exception)
{

}
}

private void SendMessage()
{
try
{
if (clientSocket.Connected == true)//若成功連線才傳遞資料
{
//將資料進行編碼並轉為Byte後傳遞
clientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sendMessage));
}
}
catch (Exception)
{

}
}

private void ReceiveMessage()
{
if (clientSocket.Connected == true)
{
byte[] bytes = new byte[256];//用來儲存傳遞過來的資料
long dataLength = clientSocket.Receive(bytes);//資料接收完畢之前都會停在這邊
//dataLength為傳遞過來的"資料長度"

receiveMessage = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes);//將傳過來的資料解碼並儲存
}
}
}

再來是Server.cs

using UnityEngine;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Collections;

public class Server : MonoBehaviour
{
private ServerThread st;
private bool isSend;//儲存是否發送訊息完畢

private void Start()
{
//開始連線，設定使用網路、串流、TCP
st = new ServerThread(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp, "127.0.0.1", 8000);
st.Listen();//讓Server socket開始監聽連線
st.StartConnect();//開啟Server socket
isSend = true;
}

private void Update()
{
if (st.receiveMessage != null)
{
Debug.Log("Client:" + st.receiveMessage);
st.receiveMessage = null;
}
if (isSend == true)
StartCoroutine(delaySend());//延遲發送訊息

st.Receive();
}

private IEnumerator delaySend()
{
isSend = false;
yield return new WaitForSeconds(1);//延遲1秒後才發送
st.Send("Hello~ My name is Server");
isSend = true;
}

private void OnApplicationQuit()//應用程式結束時自動關閉連線
{
st.StopConnect();
}
}

再來是ClientThread.cs，和ServerThread.cs類似

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

class ClientThread
{
public struct Struct_Internet
{
public string ip;
public int port;
}

private Socket clientSocket;//連線使用的Socket
private Struct_Internet internet;
public string receiveMessage;
private string sendMessage;

private Thread threadReceive;
private Thread threadConnect;

public ClientThread(AddressFamily family, SocketType socketType, ProtocolType protocolType, string ip, int port)
{
clientSocket = new Socket(family, socketType, protocolType);
internet.ip = ip;
internet.port = port;
receiveMessage = null;
}

public void StartConnect()
{
threadConnect = new Thread(Accept);
threadConnect.Start();
}

public void StopConnect()
{
try
{
clientSocket.Close();
}
catch(Exception)
{

}
}

public void Send(string message)
{
if (message == null)
throw new NullReferenceException("message不可為Null");
else
sendMessage = message;
SendMessage();
}

public void Receive()
{
if (threadReceive != null && threadReceive.IsAlive == true)
return;
threadReceive = new Thread(ReceiveMessage);
threadReceive.IsBackground = true;
threadReceive.Start();
}

private void Accept()
{
try
{
clientSocket.Connect(IPAddress.Parse(internet.ip), internet.port);//等待連線，若未連線則會停在這行
}
catch (Exception)
{
}
}

private void SendMessage()
{
try
{
if (clientSocket.Connected == true)
{
clientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(sendMessage));
}
}
catch (Exception)
{

}
}

private void ReceiveMessage()
{
if (clientSocket.Connected == true)
{
byte[] bytes = new byte[256];
long dataLength = clientSocket.Receive(bytes);

receiveMessage = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes);
}
}
}

再來是Client.cs，和Server.cs類似

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Net.Sockets;

public class Client : MonoBehaviour
{
private ClientThread ct;
private bool isSend;
private bool isReceive;

   private void Start()
   {
ct = new ClientThread(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp, "127.0.0.1", 8000);
ct.StartConnect();
isSend = true;
   }

private void Update()
{
if (ct.receiveMessage != null)
{
Debug.Log("Server:" + ct.receiveMessage);
ct.receiveMessage = null;
}
if (isSend == true)
StartCoroutine(delaySend());

ct.Receive();
}

private IEnumerator delaySend()
{
isSend = false;
yield return new WaitForSeconds(1);
ct.Send("Hello~ My name is Client");
isSend = true;
}

private void OnApplicationQuit()
{
ct.StopConnect();
}
}

都好之後就可以直接Run了~~

結果如下